this evangelist known as “John the divine [ho theologos = the theologian]” and from his work, which Clement of Alexandria dubbed as “the spiritual Gospel.” Sacramental debates both before and after the Reformation drew on statements in chs. 3 and 6: “born/begotten of water and Spirit” (3:5); “My flesh is true food, and my blood, true drink” (6:55); “It is the Spirit that gives life; the flesh is useless” (6:63). Because it was thought to stem from the closest of Jesus’ companions, the Fourth Gospel,
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